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 Mikro-Tip Vs Fluid Filled Catheter Manometers

Real-time recording of simulated left ventricular pressures demonstrate the many advantages of Mikro Tip pressure catheters.
Fluid Filled Catheters - Disadvantages
Catheter Stiffness: Increased compliance leads to a loss in pressure
Length: Increased length results in poor frequency response
Air bubbles form over time and with temperature changes.
Signal transmission reduced by increased fluid volume.
Sensitive to movement artifact.


Mikro tip catheter v fluid filled

Fluid-filled sensors can be affected by hydrostatic pressure & transducer should be at the same level as the catheter tip.  Millar catheters are position independent

Frequency response of the Millar catheter is flat to 10kHz. Most other catheters tend to display resonance distortions at 10-20Hz.

Millar catheters are easy to use - No fluid lines to de-bubble during setup

No signal attenuation in Millar catheters that occurs commonly in fluid-filled catheters.

Millar catheters record pressure changes directly at the source NOT at a distance.




Effect of tapping both the Millar (red) and fluid-filled (blue) catheters
















dP/dt (cardiac contractility) and is graphically represented as slope of waveform during systole. Max dP/dt is used as index of initial velocity of myocardial contraction (Red Mikro-Tip, Blue: Fluid filled)







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